Rotary engine.



-4 1a.y F. 'AUGUSTIMY ROTARY lENGINE.` lAPPLICATION FILED 11110.17, 1908.

Si "l WUNESSES:

BENJM FUGUSTTN ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 2 4,` 1911.

B. P. AUGUSTIN-E. ROTARY ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED DBO.17, 1908.

Patented Oct. 24, 1911.

5 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

f4 @11% ATTORNEY B. P. AUGUSTINE.

ROTARY ENGINE. v 'APPLICATION FILEIJ' DEG. 17, 1908.

1,006,896. Patented 0012.211911 B. P. AUGUSTINB. yROTARY ENGINE.

vAPPLICATION FILED DBOl', 1908. A A

Patented Oct. 24, 1911 5 SHEETS-SHEET 4.

WITNEssEs: INVENTOR. l A .Y *A lsNJ'/VIUV F/Gus-f/NE ATTORNEY B..AUGUSTINB ROTARY ENGINE. APPLICATION FILED DBG.I7,I90&

5 SHEETS-SHEET 5.

175 l n A 94- WITNESSES: y INVENTOR W I BEA/Jf-y/vf/'A/ QUGUs/E iwf@ BY 0 ATTORNEY Patented Oct. 2 4, 1911.

' I propose, in my present invention, to arf range and combine therewlth certain novel.

FUNITED sTATns- PATENT ernten.

BENJAMIN FL AUGUSTINN, or BUFrALo, NEW Yomr.

ROTARY ENGINE.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented 0015.24, 1911.

Appneati'on med nec-exeter 17, 190s. serial No. 468,059.

and to letters or figures of reference markedl thereon, which form tion.

My invention relates to improvements in rotary engines and more particularly to that type embodied j inV Letters Patent No. 878,201, granted to me December 10th, 1907.

a part of this specifica- Such type includes, in common -with my" present invention, the following distin 4 guishing features, viz: the counterbalance'dv pistons provided. withzsteam-locked joints,

l the revolving central core with-radial pocketsin which the pistons reciprocate, and

`the removable abutment-piece.

With the above features as a foundation elements, for the production of increased efficiency and economy of operation. y

The principal objects of my present invention are, first, to materially increase the efficiency of expansion of the Huid. Second, to automatically balance the valve of the valve mechanism to regulate'the supply of `Huid to the pistons for variations in the load; and, third,.to utilize the expansion ofvthe exhaust fluid.

To these ends my inventionconsists of certain novel details of construction,l all of which willbe fully` hereinafter described and claimed. In the drawings Figure 1 is a central vertical longitudinal section of my improved engine. j Fig. 2 is a vertical transverse section taken in thev line w-m' of Fig. 1. Fig.'3 is an end elevation showing the application, o'f thel centrifugalv governor. Fig. 4 is. a detached perspective view ofthe balanced valve'. 'Fig' 5 is a" detached perspective view. of one of thecounterbalanced pistons. Fig. 6 is adetached view of the inside face of one of the cylinder-heads. Fig. 7 is a detached perspective View of one lpower shaft whlch of the-revolving central ,cores with its sin` gle pistonin position. Fig. Sis a detached perspectiveA View of one of the removable abutment-pieces'. Fig.9 is a detached perspective of the complete sectional revolving central core. Fig. 10 shows'the outer face of one of the outer disks 'of thecentral core. Fig. 11 is a central vertical longitudinal section f the compound engine. Fig. 12 is a .vertical transverse-section of one of the end cylinders in the compourldwtype shown in Fig. l1; and, Fig. 13is,a sectional vievv of the valve system and adjacent arts, taken' in the line y'-'y of Figs. 11 M1513.

Referring 'to the drawings, 1 represents' the stationary cylinder or casing; is the (passes tlrgo'ugl the das ing and isiI journals core is composed of the tw 'separate secytions 4 aride, which arntiired tothe shaft to' turn therewith land are' arranged the.

casing'to' Contact on one side thereof, whereby are provided two separate abtrtments to act against in driving the engine.

The separate sections 4 afd ofthe core are provided 'with the single pistons 6 and 7 arran 'ed in radial pistonhpockets 18l and 9,. in why'ich the pistons reciprocate as' the core sections rotate;

Referring paftieulariy to Fg.,.ti1je pilston 7 is provided on one side with tl'i'` short arm 10 carrying on its vouter end the removi'siitalile adjustable roller bearings 3, 3, on the opposite ends of 'thecasing.v The rotary pistoni 'carrier or able bushing 11, and 1s Vis die icing am en the opposite sidepof the piston also ,cali-ty-l ing on its outerend the removable bushing 13. Tvvc cylinder rods 14am esten-d' et-v wardlyv from the piston 7 and' carry at theirY outer ends the counterweig'ht 15, and 16 isV` a yremovable packingbarin uterreiid ,l of the pisto1i'7. The other piston (see Fig. 1) `ils' similarly provided with the; short arm 17,

the long arm 18, the rods" 19, and the ciln'- terweight 20. j I

The sectional core has the outer annular anges 21 and 22v and the sectional core' 5 has similar outer annular flanges 23 and The outer annular flanges 21 and 24 are rmovable from their respective cores for the purpose hereinafter explained. `The sectional cores 4 and 5 are provided` with the interior radial c ambers 25 (and 2 bfoi the snug sliding receptionv ofthe counter-weights and 20 on the pistons 7 and 6 respectively. The cylindrical rods 14 and.19 joining the counterweights 15 and 20 to their respective pistons, pass loosely through the sectional cores 4 and 5 and the common shaft 2, as clearly shown in Fig. 1; 27 and 28 are outer vdisks keyed to shaft 2 and bolted to the cores 4 and 5. These disks 27 and 28 form outer end Walls for the radial piston pockets 8 and 9 and the radial chambers 25 and 26. Ra dial slots 29 in the disks 27 and 28 are provided to permit of the passage therethrough of the arms 10 and 12 and 17 and 18 on the pistons 6 and 7, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

30 and 31 are the cylinder heads bolted to' each end of the cylinder 1.

Centrally arranged onl the outer face of each ofthe cylinder heads 30 and 31 are the journals 32 carrying .the stuffing boxes 33' and the adjustable roller-bearings 3. On the inner faces of the cylinder heads 30 and 31 are the circular channels 34 adapted for the sliding reception of the cross-heads 35, secured to the outer ends of the long and short arms of the pistons 6 and 7, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

My improved abutment 38 hasthe outer cylindrical wall 36 in close contact with the inner cylindrical wall of the cylinder 1. The inner cylindrical Wall 37 of the abutment 38 is eccentric with the sectional cores 4.and 5 and the shaft 2, as clearly shown in Fig. 2.

0n each side of the abutment 38 is the an-4 nular flange 39, forming an annular recess for the reception of flange 24 on the core 5 and the disk 28 (see Fig. 1). Spring-` pressed metal packing-rings 4() are interposed between the side walls of the abutments and the side walls on the flangesof the sectional cores, as clearly shown in Fig. 1.

Within the thicker side ofeachabutment A is a transverse cylindrical chamber 41, in

- to be revolved within its chamber 49. jIt is provided with'the outletorts 50, 51, out of line with each 'other su ciently to overlap inlet-ports 44 when the valve is centered. The center portion of thel valve 48 is cut away at 52 to form with the surrounding chamber 49am annular chamber into which the expansive fluid passes through the per- .forations 53 to effect a proper balance of the valve. The perforations 53 extend entirely around the cut-away portion 52 of the valve 48. This permits the uniform distribution of theexpansive Huid" entirely around the.

valveA and thereby prevents any possible binding of the valve chamber.

54 is the inlet-passage -for conducting the iiuid to the interior of the valve 48.

55 is the valve-stem rigid with the valve and projecting out through the cores 31 of the-cylinder 1.l Atthe outer end of this valve-stem 55 is keyed lone end of the rockerarm 56 (see Fig. 3), its other end being piv oted to the lower end of theconnecting-rod 57, the upper end of which rigidly joins the eccentric strap 58 surrounding the cam 59, forming a part of the centrifugal governor' 60, shown in Fig. 3, which maybe of any well-known type.-

lagainst the Wall of its y improved rotary engine just de-h scribed Operates as follows: The operating fluid (either steam or gas) enters through passage 54 to the central cylindrical chamber of the valve 48, and passing through perforation 53, enters the interior of 'the valve 48 ready for operative action. When the piston 7 passes inlet-port 44, the outletport 51 invalve 48 commences to register with port 44 and is cut oft' automatically-.by

Vthe action of the centrifugal governor 60,

the degree of registration of port 44 with port 51, 'from full to partial, being-automatically regulated through governor 60, by the varying load. The instant that piston 7 completes the first half of its stroke the piston 6 in the adjacent rotary piston carrier 4 crosses inlet-port 44aL (see Fig. 1) and at the next instant outlet-port 50 in the valve 48 commences tofregister with inlet port`44u and is cut off automatically in the same manner as heretofore described in connection with ports 44 and'51. This successive action of the tWo pistons effects a greatly increased expansion of the operating fluid, for the reason that there is practically no clearance,` and there` being absolutely no compression owingy to the exhaust being constantly open (seeFig. 2)A the fullest amount of'expansion 'is made possible. By means of adjustable roller-bearings 3, 3,

the revolving piston carriers 4 and 5 can be brought to a tight operative contact' with the lower portion ofthe inner wall 37 of the abutment 38, without interrupting the continuous travel of the pistons 6 and 7 upon the wall 37 of 'the abutment 38. `The long and short arms on .the pistons 6 and 7 being in unyielding engagement with the cross-heads 35, 35', which travel in their respective circular channels 34, 34vs'erve to keep the shoes 16 of the. pistons at all times in operative contact with the abutment wall 37 and the counterweights 15 and 20, by

rreason of their-centrifugal force,l keep the shoes 16 on the pistons Ifroin'wearing pressure on the inner contacting wall 37` of .the

abutment With this construction the piston carrier can be shifted' by means of their adjustable bearings without increasing the frictional contact of the pistonjshoes with the inner contacting walls of the abutments.v

61 (see Figs. l and 2) is an opening in the' wall or" the cylindrical valve'diametrically opposite the outlet-port 51 and slightly larger than such port. This opening 61 is for the purpose of effecting a steam-tight joint between the upper wall of the valve 48 and the contacting wall of its chamber,v4

around the point of junction of port 51'with vthe lowerA end` of the inlet-port 44. The area of the opening ,61 is to be gaged, with re' spect to the area of the opposite outlet-port 51, according to the fluid pressure, to effect and maintain a proper balance of the valve.

. A similar opening (not shown) is supplied opposite the o utlet-valve- O for the same purpose.

In Figs. compound form of the englne, known as -the "multiple-stagetype, consisting of a battery of three cylinders,nthe central cylinder being identical with the type just described in detail, and the cylinders on each side of the central cylinder being of the general type covered by my former Patent 873,201 hereinbefore mentioned. Referring to Fig. 11, the central engine embodies a vcylinder 62, the head 63' common to the central and right-hand engines, the head64- common to the central and left-hand engines, thel pistons 65 and 66, with their counterweights 67 an'd 68- and theirlong and short armswhich engage with their respective crossheads moving'in their circular channels to reciprocate the pistons in their.pockets,vin the manner already fully described. The

right' and left-hand' engines as shown in Fig. 11 are identical in construction and po-l sitionof parts. yIn such engines 69 and 70 I are the cylinders, 71 and 72 the 4outer cylim `der-heads, 73 and 74 one of the pistons, with' their respective counterweights 75 and 76.

The pistons in each'of'the outercylinders arelthreel innumber, arranged as shown 1n Fig. 12, andthe abutments 77 in such outer l engines haven-their thicker portions above.

. `havethe common shaft 80. The valvev Y jwhile the abutments 78 and-79 inthe cenv tralienginelhave their thicker portions. below,f"as .showniniFig. A11. The, three enfor' controlling theQ operating fluid is located -in the centralengine and Vconsists ot' thehdlovv cylinder 81 in its chamber 82.

'.This'valve has the usual outlet-ports 83,

registering with'the inlet-ports 84 of the cylinder162.: ReferrngftovFig. 13, the ex- 4' haust chamberof. thefzeentral cylinder is seen at- 85,- just behind :the'f valve `81.v -Leading .out of this exhaust chamber 85 lis the receiver, consisting of the passage 86 having 'the -twbranches 87 and 88, which communicate respectively with the receiving chambers 89and 90 of the end cylinders 69 and 11, 12 and 13 -l have shown a 70. In front of these receivingwchambers 89 and 90 are 4the exhaust chambers 91 and 92 having the exhaust outle'tpipes 93 i and 94.` The operation of my improved 'compound The expansive-Huid exhausts into the chamb er 85 and-thence through the passage 86,

'where it divides into the branch passages 87 and 88 and is conducted through such passages into the separate receiving chambers 89A and 90 of the cylinders-69 and 70. The

expansive` force remaining in the fluidh at this point is exerted to operate the .two outer engines as will now be further explained.

Referring particularly to 12, the fluidissuing :from lthe receiver 90 passes through 'the chamber 96 in the abutment 77. The.

bulk of the-expansive fluid passes through openings 97 into the open space behind the lower piston 7 3, exerting a forward impulse against the same. That portion of the channel 96 which extends beyond the openings 97 is for the purpose'of equalizing'the pressure on4 the succeeding piston. When the .lower piston 73` passes the openings 98, the

fluid behind such piston 'exhausts through such openings in'to the channel 99 and from 'thence to and into the exhaust chamber 92 and out of the exhaust pipe`94. That por- "tion ofthe channel 99 which extends beyond the openings 98 is for the purpose of equali'zing the pressure-on the preceding piston 73. l

It will be seen from an inspection of Fig. 1l, that the` two separate abutments of the central engine have contact with their piston carriers at the lowest points of the inner walls of the abutments, while in the outer engines the contact of the abutment in eachengine withits piston carrier is atthe highest point of the inner wall of such abutment. The relative positions' of the .parts just described serve to eiiecta perfect balance of all of the revolving piston carriers, Vwhich are rigid upon the common shaft 80.

I claim- 1'. In a rotary engine, having separate piston carriers with single pistons,- the combination with the cylinder heads provided,v

with `the circular channels and the crossheadstraveling in such channels, of the reciprocating pistons and the long and short -arms on such pistons journaled in the crossheads, as and for the purpose stated.

t casing and provided with channels,

rocating piston mounted in each piston earrier radially thereof and bridging the space core flanges when assuming 2. Ina rotary engine, a casing, a power shaft j ournaled in the casing, a plurality of revolvingl piston carriers` secured to the power shaft, cylinder heads-secured to the casing and provided with channels, 'a reciprocating piston mounted in each piston carrier and each provided with a short and a long arin adapted to project into the channels of -said cylinder heads, cross heads removably secured to the free ends of said arms and adapted to travel in said channels, and means for conveying the operative fluid to the pistons.

3. In a rotary engine, a casing, a power shaft journaled in the casing, a plurality of revolving piston carriers secured to the power shaft, 'each carrier including a core portion and oppositely disposed flanges, disks keyed to said shaft and bolted to said cores, the disks each having oppositely disposed slots, cylinder heads'secured to the a recipbetween the core thereof and the periphery of the core flanges when assuming one position, each piston having a short and a long arm adapted to project through the slots of said disks and into said channels of the cyl-.

inder heads, cross heads securedto the free ends of said arms and'adaptedto travel in said channels, and means for conveying the operative fluid to the pistons.

4C. In a rotary engine, a casing, a power shaft journaled in the casing, a plurality of revolving piston carriers secured to the pis- .ton shaft, each carrier including a core port-ion and oppositely disposed flanges, disks keyed to said shaft and bolted to said cores, the disks each having oppositely disposed slots, cylinder heads secured to the casing and provided with channels, a reciprocating piston mounted in each piston carrier radially thereof and bridging the space between the core thereof and the periphery of the one position,

each piston having a short and a. long arm adapted to project through thc slots of said disks and into said channels of the cylinder 69 power shaft, each carrier including a central' heads, cross heads secured to the free ends of said arms and yadapted to travel in said channels, the short and longarms of one piston being disposed respectively opposite to the short and long arms of the other piston, and means for conveying the operative fluid to the pistons.

5. In a rotary engine, aA casing, a power shaft journaled in the casing, a plurality of revolving piston carriers secured to th cylinder heads secured to balance the latter,

body portion and spaced flanges, the body portion and flanges being provided with radial slots forming pockets, piston mounted in the pocket of each carrier and provided with a short and a long arm, the casing and provided with circular channels, the longer arm of each piston operating in the channel of the opposite cylinder head and the shorter arm of each pistonoperating in the channel of the opposite cylinder head, means for counterbalancing each piston, and means a reciprocating for supplying the operative fluid to the pistons.

- 6. In a rotary engine,a casing,a power shaft journaled in the casing, a plurality of revolving piston carriers secured to the power shaft, each carrier including a core,

a chamber and a pocket, a piston in each pocket, av weight in' each chamber having connection with the corresponding piston to a disk secured to each carrier to 4form the outer wall of the corresponding chambers and pockets, each disk having slots, cylinder heads adjacent the disks, each having a'channel, a cross head operable in each channel, the pistons each having a short and a long arm which project through the corresponding slots of said disks and secured to the corresponding cross heads with the longer arm of one piston projecting in the opposite direction to the longer arm of the other piston, the longer arm lof each piston projecting through said heads, 4and means for 'supplying the operating fluid to the pistons.

7.' In a rotary engine, a casing, a power shaft journa-led in the casing, a plurallty ofv revolving piston carriers secured to the power shaft, each carrier including a; core, a chamber and a pocket, a' piston in each pocket, a `weight in each chamber having connection with the corresponding piston to balance the latter, carrier to form the outer wall of the corre'- sponding chambers and pockets, each disk having slots, cylinder heads adjacent the disks, eachhaving a channel, the pistons each having arms which project through the 'corresponding slotsof sald disks and which are secured to the corresponding cylinder heads, and means for supplying the operating fluid to the pistons.

Intestimony whereof, I have signed my name to this specification, in the presence of two subscribin witnesses. BENAMIN F. AUGUSTI-NE. Witnesses: l Y

.- C. V.' BoUGH'roN,

JoHN FRANEY.

a disk secured to each 

